Neohesperidin.

The bone work is the most developed. In mice, neohesperidin suppressed osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption, blocked RANKL-induced NF-kB activation and calcium oscillations, and protected against bone loss after ovariectomy ^[1]; a 2022 review places it alongside hesperidin and hesperetin as an antiosteoclastic and osteogenic flavanone across in vitro and animal models ^[2]. Separately, in an angiotensin II model of hypertension in mice, 50 mg/kg/day reduced blood pressure, vascular hypertrophy, fibrosis, inflammation and oxidative stress, and it blocked reactive oxygen species and DNA damage in human endothelial cells ^[3]. ⚠️ Every one of those endpoints is an animal or a cell; none is a person, and the ovariectomised mouse is a model of post-menopausal bone loss rather than a demonstration of it. There is enough analytical work to buy a defined material, including a certified reference standard for quality control of supplements ^[4], which is worth more than it sounds: it means a label claim can at least be checked.

No human safety data specific to neohesperidin. Citrus flavanones as a class are well tolerated in food amounts, and its dihydrochalcone derivative NHDC is an approved sweetener in the EU, but neither fact is a safety study of this compound at supplement doses. ⚠️ Bitter orange extracts are frequently standardised for synephrine as well; a product sold as a citrus bioflavonoid is not automatically synephrine-free, and that, not the flavanone, is the stimulant-interaction question worth asking of the label.