T cells

Every compound in the sci-wiki that affects t cells; the ones you can source are floated to the front, then the reference-only entries. Tap any for the full entry, mechanism, and outlets.

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Peptide

Thymosin Alpha-1

Thymosin alpha-1 is a 28-amino-acid peptide derived from the precursor prothymosin alpha and originally isolated from thymic tissue, marketed synthetically as thymalfasin (Zadaxin). It acts principally through Toll-like receptor signaling, notably TLR9 and TLR2 on dendritic cells and monocytes, promoting their maturation and steering T-helper cell differentiation, which restores T-cell number and function where these have been depleted by infection, aging, or malignancy. In severe COVID-19 it was reported to reduce mortality by reversing lymphocytopenia and reversing markers of T-cell exhaustion, illustrating its capacity to rebalance rather than simply stimulate immunity. Approved in numerous countries as an adjuvant for chronic hepatitis B and studied in cancer, sepsis, and vaccine augmentation, it has been evaluated in randomized sepsis trials including the multicenter ETASS and phase 3 TESTS studies, and is regarded as well tolerated across indications.

6 outlets

Peptide

Thymulin

Thymulin is a thymic peptide hormone, a nonapeptide produced by the epithelial cells of the thymus gland, that plays a role in the maturation and regulation of T lymphocytes. It was described in the 1970s, originally under the name serum thymic factor (facteur thymique serique, FTS), and its biological activity depends on being bound to the metal zinc, making it a zinc-dependent metallopeptide [1]. Beyond its classic immune role, thymulin also interacts with the neuroendocrine system and has shown anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties in experimental studies, which has prompted interest in its therapeutic potential [2].

2 outlets

Immunomodulator

Pimecrolimus

Pimecrolimus is a topical calcineurin inhibitor, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory cream used to treat eczema (atopic dermatitis). Sold under the brand name Elidel, it calms the overactive immune response in the skin by blocking a signaling enzyme inside immune cells, and unlike corticosteroids it does not cause skin thinning, which makes it useful on delicate areas such as the face. It is generally reserved for when standard treatments are unsuitable or ineffective, and it carries a boxed warning about a theoretical cancer risk that later research has not supported.

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