for educational and safety purposes
Every compound in the sci-wiki that affects sleep duration; the ones you can source are floated to the front, then the reference-only entries. Tap any for the full entry, mechanism, and outlets.
6 sourced · 1 reference
DSIP (delta sleep-inducing peptide) is a naturally occurring nonapeptide first isolated from the blood of sleeping rabbits, named for its ability to promote deep, slow-wave (delta) sleep [1]. Beyond sleep, decades of research describe it as a broad stress-protective and adaptogenic peptide that helps the body buffer against physical and psychological stressors and defends tissues from oxidative damage [1][4]. For those seeking better sleep quality and resilience to stress, DSIP is a well-studied endogenous peptide with a uniquely versatile profile.
Seltorexant is a selective orexin-2 receptor antagonist in advanced clinical development for insomnia and major depressive disorder. By blocking the orexin-2 receptor that keeps the brain awake, it shortens the time to fall asleep and improves sleep maintenance, with a short half-life engineered to limit next-day grogginess. In randomized trials it has matched or outperformed zolpidem on key sleep measures with fewer treatment-emergent side effects, and it shows particular promise for depression accompanied by insomnia.
CBN (cannabinol) is a mildly psychoactive phytocannabinoid that forms mainly when the THC in cannabis breaks down through exposure to heat, air, and light. It was the first cannabinoid to be isolated from the plant, in the late nineteenth century, and it binds only weakly to the cannabinoid receptors, so it delivers gentle, calming effects with very little intoxication. It has become one of the most popular nighttime cannabinoids, valued for winding down and sleep support, and is now the focus of dedicated clinical sleep research.
SR-9011 is a synthetic agonist of the REV-ERB nuclear receptors and a close structural analogue of SR-9009. Acting on these circadian clock receptors, it reprograms fuel metabolism across the day, and in rodents it raises energy expenditure and fat oxidation while reducing body weight. It is widely used as a research tool for dissecting how the body clock connects to metabolism, immunity, sleep, and cell proliferation.
Tryptophan is an essential, proteinogenic alpha-amino acid used to build proteins and to make several important molecules, including the neurotransmitter serotonin, the sleep hormone melatonin and the vitamin niacin. Because humans cannot synthesise it, it must be obtained from the diet, where it occurs in foods such as meat, fish, eggs, dairy, seeds and legumes. The naturally occurring L-form is also sold as a dietary supplement marketed for mood and sleep, though clinical evidence for those uses is limited [3].
Lemborexant, sold under the brand name Dayvigo, is a prescription sleep medication of a newer class called dual orexin receptor antagonists. Developed by Eisai and approved in the United States in 2019, it is used to treat insomnia in adults, helping with both falling asleep and staying asleep. Rather than broadly sedating the brain like older sleeping pills, it works by blocking orexin, a signal that promotes wakefulness, and it is classed as a controlled substance.
Eszopiclone is a sedative-hypnotic medication used to treat insomnia. It belongs to the nonbenzodiazepine group of sleep drugs often called Z-drugs, and chemically it is the active S-enantiomer of the older hypnotic zopiclone, in the cyclopyrrolone class. Marketed principally under the brand name Lunesta, it helps people fall asleep and stay asleep by enhancing the activity of the brain's main inhibitory neurotransmitter. It is a prescription medicine and, in the United States, a controlled substance.