Gene expression

Chonluten

Chonluten is a synthetic short peptide bioregulator derived from bronchial tissue, part of the celebrated Russian family of tissue-specific peptides developed for respiratory and immune support. It has been shown to calm inflammatory signaling in immune cells, reducing production of TNF and IL-6. For those focused on lung health, inflammation balance, and healthy aging, Chonluten is a distinctive and targeted peptide.

3 outlets

Crystagen

Crystagen is a short synthetic peptide from the Khavinson family of bioregulators, directed at the immune system and studied for its ability to help sustain immune defenses during aging [1]. In research on the aging spleen it acted on B-cells, part of a broader effort to keep immune signaling steadier as the body grows older [1]. For those assembling a peptide-based longevity routine, Crystagen offers a targeted, low-burden way to support immune resilience.

2 outlets

Ovagen

Ovagen is a short peptide bioregulator from the Russian Khavinson tradition, built on the Glu-Asp-Leu (EDL) sequence and directed at the liver and digestive tissue. In the bioregulator model, tiny peptides enter cells and steer tissue-specific gene expression rather than acting on surface receptors, an elegant, low-burden approach that fits naturally into a longevity-minded routine [1][2]. It is a research compound aimed at supporting detoxification, protein synthesis, and healthy cell turnover with age.

4 outlets

Pancragen

Pancragen is a short peptide bioregulator from the Khavinson tradition, built on the Lys-Glu-Asp-Trp (KEDW) sequence and directed at the pancreas. It is a favorite in longevity circles for its elegant premise; a tissue-specific peptide that steers gene expression to help pancreatic cells keep functioning with age, with the KEDW sequence specifically linked to pancreatic cell differentiation in the research [1][2]. It is a research compound for healthy aging rather than a diabetes treatment.

1 outlet

Prostamax

Prostamax is marketed as a synthetic prostate peptide bioregulator, part of the Russian family of short, tissue-targeted peptides developed from the concept that organ-specific peptide extracts can normalize function in the corresponding tissue. The compound itself has essentially no dedicated peer-reviewed literature; the supporting evidence is class-level and centers on the related natural prostate peptide preparation Prostatilen, which has been used in Russian urology for chronic abacterial prostatitis, with reported improvements in urinary symptoms, prostate secretion parameters, and erectile function measured by penile Doppler ultrasonography. These studies are small, largely open-label or single-center, and published chiefly in Russian-language journals, so claims specific to Prostamax should be regarded as preliminary and extrapolated from the broader peptide-bioregulator class rather than established for the product by name.

2 outlets

Testagen

Testagen is a synthetic tetrapeptide, Lys-Glu-Asp-Gly, from the Khavinson family of short peptide bioregulators [1]. The experimental literature describes it as an ANTERIOR PITUITARY peptide and tests it on the thyroid, the thymus, immunity and clotting in hypophysectomised birds [2][3][5][6]; the male reproductive description that usually accompanies it comes from review tables rather than from an experiment [9][10]. All of the evidence is animal or cell culture. There is no human data.

1 outlet

Belinostat

Belinostat is an intravenous pan-HDAC inhibitor of the hydroxamic-acid type; "pan" means it blocks the HDAC family broadly rather than one class. It won accelerated approval for relapsed or refractory peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL), an aggressive and hard-to-treat group of lymph-node cancers of T cells, on the strength of a single-arm registration trial. It sits alongside romidepsin and belinostat's oral cousins as part of the small group of HDAC inhibitors that carved out a niche specifically in T-cell lymphoma.

Entinostat

Entinostat is an oral, class I-selective HDAC inhibitor built on a benzamide scaffold; "class I-selective" means it preferentially hits HDAC1, HDAC2, and HDAC3 rather than the whole HDAC family. It has been studied mostly in breast cancer, usually paired with hormonal (anti-estrogen) therapy to try to overcome treatment resistance, and it drew a lot of interest in immuno-oncology because blocking these enzymes can dial down the immune-suppressing cells that let tumors hide. It is an investigational drug; despite encouraging mid-stage results, its big confirmatory breast-cancer trial did not deliver, so it has never reached routine approval.

Panobinostat

Panobinostat is an oral pan-HDAC inhibitor, meaning it blocks the histone deacetylase family broadly rather than picking out one class; chemically it belongs to the potent hydroxamic-acid group. It was approved for multiple myeloma (a cancer of plasma cells in the bone marrow), used in combination with the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib and the steroid dexamethasone in patients whose disease had already relapsed. It is a genuinely active drug but a notably toxic one, and its story is a good illustration of how a real survival-adjacent benefit can be outweighed by side effects.

Romidepsin

Romidepsin is an unusual HDAC inhibitor; instead of the small hydroxamate or benzamide chemistry of most drugs in this class, it is a bicyclic depsipeptide (a ring-shaped molecule made of both amino acids and an ester link) originally isolated from a soil bacterium. It behaves as a prodrug that only becomes active once inside the cell, and it prefers the class I HDACs. It was approved to treat T-cell lymphomas of the skin and, later, the lymph nodes and other tissues, though its use in the second setting has since narrowed after a confirmatory trial disappointed.

Nootropic

TAK-418

TAK-418; a brain-penetrant LSD1/KDM1A epigenetic inhibitor for neurodevelopmental disorders that re-normalizes dysregulated gene expression while sparing the blood toxicity of earlier LSD1 drugs; clean phase 1, efficacy unproven.

Trichostatin A

Trichostatin A, almost always shortened to TSA, is the classic laboratory HDAC inhibitor; it is a natural product first pulled from a Streptomyces bacterium (originally as an antifungal) that turned out to be an extremely potent, reversible blocker of the histone deacetylase family. It is not a medicine and is not used in people; instead it is one of the most heavily used tools in epigenetics research, the reference compound scientists reach for whenever they want to crank up histone acetylation in a dish and watch what happens to gene expression, cell behavior, or cell identity.

Nootropic

Vorinostat

Vorinostat, also known as suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid or SAHA, is an anticancer drug of the histone deacetylase inhibitor class. In 2006 it became the first histone deacetylase inhibitor approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration, indicated for cutaneous T-cell lymphoma that has persisted or returned after other treatments. It is taken by mouth and works by altering the pattern of chemical marks on chromatin, changing which genes cancer cells express.