Bone Density: nootropics and compounds | sci-wiki

Raloxifene

Raloxifene is a benzothiophene selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) that binds both estrogen receptor subtypes with high affinity yet behaves as an agonist in some tissues and an antagonist in others. The molecular basis for this tissue selectivity is elegant: the bound ligand imposes a distinct conformation on the receptor that governs which coactivator or corepressor proteins are recruited at a given gene promoter, so the same drug preserves bone density and improves the lipid profile while blocking estrogen's proliferative signal in breast and endometrial tissue. Clinically it is used to prevent and treat postmenopausal osteoporosis and to lower the risk of invasive breast cancer in higher-risk women, a dual profile supported by the MORE, CORE, RUTH, and STAR trials. Because it does not stimulate the uterus, raloxifene carries a more favorable endometrial safety profile than tamoxifen, though it shares an increased risk of venous thromboembolism.

1 outlet

Bone

Risedronate Sodium

Risedronate sodium is the sodium salt of risedronic acid, a nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate used to strengthen bone. It slows the cells that break down bone tissue and is prescribed to treat and prevent osteoporosis and to manage Paget's disease of bone. Taken by mouth, it is sold under brand names such as Actonel and Atelvia.

1 outlet

Peptide

Abaloparatide

Abaloparatide (brand name Tymlos) is a synthetic peptide modeled on parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP, a natural signal your body uses to manage bone and calcium). It is an approved bone-building (anabolic) treatment for osteoporosis in postmenopausal women at high risk of fracture. Unlike most osteoporosis drugs that mainly slow bone loss, abaloparatide actively tells the body to lay down new bone, which raises bone density and lowers the chance of spinal and other fractures.

reference

SERM

Arzoxifene

Arzoxifene is a benzothiophene selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) developed by Eli Lilly and studied for osteoporosis and breast cancer prevention in postmenopausal women. It reduced vertebral fractures and invasive breast cancer risk in Phase 3 trials but was not brought to market.

reference

Supplement

Calcium Citrate

Calcium citrate is the calcium salt of citric acid, used chiefly as a dietary calcium supplement and as a food additive (E333). Unlike calcium carbonate, it dissolves without needing stomach acid, so it can be taken with or without food and is often preferred by people with low stomach acid, those on acid-reducing medicines, and patients after weight-loss surgery. It supplies somewhat less elemental calcium by weight than calcium carbonate but is valued for its reliable absorption and gentler effect on digestion.

reference

Adaptogen

Red Clover

Red clover (Trifolium pratense) is a short-lived perennial legume in the family Fabaceae, native to Europe, western Asia, and northwest Africa and widely grown as a forage and cover crop. Its flowers are a rich source of isoflavones, plant compounds that resemble estrogen, which has made red clover a popular dietary supplement for menopausal symptoms. Evidence for its benefit on hot flashes is mixed but points to a modest effect.

reference

Supplement

Strontium Citrate

Strontium citrate is a salt of the trace element strontium, sold as an over-the-counter dietary supplement marketed for bone health. It is chemically distinct from strontium ranelate, the prescription drug that was tested in large osteoporosis trials, and the two should not be assumed to work the same way. Because strontium is chemically similar to calcium, the body incorporates it into bone, but strong evidence that the citrate supplement reduces fractures is lacking.

reference