blood clotting: nootropics and compounds | sci-wiki

Clopidogrel

Clopidogrel is an oral antiplatelet medicine of the thienopyridine class that blocks the P2Y12 ADP receptor on platelets to make the blood less likely to clot [1][4]. Sold chiefly as Plavix, it is used to prevent heart attacks, strokes and other clot-related events in people with cardiovascular disease, and it is given alongside aspirin after coronary stent placement [1]. It is a prodrug that the liver must convert to its active form, and it appears on the World Health Organization's list of essential medicines [1][3].

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Blend

Clopidogrel + Aspirin

Clopidogrel plus aspirin is a combination of two antiplatelet drugs, known as dual antiplatelet therapy, used to make blood clots less likely in people at high cardiovascular risk [1][2][3]. The two medicines block platelet activation by different routes, so together they inhibit clotting more completely than either alone [1][2]. The combination is a standard treatment after coronary stent placement and in acute coronary syndromes, and short courses are used soon after a minor ischaemic stroke or transient ischaemic attack; the added protection comes at the cost of a higher bleeding risk [3][4][5].

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Cardiovascular

Hericenone B

Hericenone B is an aromatic compound from the fruiting body of Hericium erinaceus notable not for neurotrophic activity but for a distinct cardiovascular action: it is a selective inhibitor of collagen-induced platelet aggregation. In washed rabbit and human platelets it blocked aggregation triggered by collagen while leaving other agonists such as ADP, thrombin and arachidonic acid unaffected, pointing to a novel antithrombotic mechanism. It is investigated as a lead for preventing thrombotic vascular events.

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Supplement

Phylloquinone

Phylloquinone, known as vitamin K1, is the plant form of the fat-soluble vitamin K and the type most abundant in the diet, found chiefly in green leafy vegetables. Its central role in the body is to act as a cofactor for the reactions that make blood-clotting proteins functional, and as a medicine, where it is called phytomenadione or phytonadione, it is used to treat and prevent bleeding, including in newborns and after warfarin overdose. It appears on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.

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Vitamin K

Vitamin K is a family of fat-soluble vitamins that the body requires as a cofactor for an enzyme that modifies certain proteins so they can bind calcium. Its two natural forms are vitamin K1 (phylloquinone), found in leafy green plants, and vitamin K2 (the menaquinones), made by bacteria and present in some animal and fermented foods. Vitamin K is essential for normal blood clotting and also contributes to bone and vascular biology, and the anticoagulant drug warfarin works by blocking its recycling.

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