Sleep onset

Every compound in the sci-wiki that affects sleep onset; the ones you can source are floated to the front, then the reference-only entries. Tap any for the full entry, mechanism, and outlets.

1 sourced · 2 reference

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Sleep Support

Melatonin

Melatonin is a hormone best known as the body's circadian signal for darkness, produced by the pineal gland to help govern the sleep-wake cycle; taken as a supplement it can shorten the time to fall asleep and is particularly useful for jet lag and shifted schedules. Less familiar is its other identity: melatonin is synthesized inside the mitochondria of virtually every cell, with under five percent of the body's total coming from the pineal gland, and there it acts as a potent, amphiphilic antioxidant whose own breakdown products are also radical scavengers, giving it a cascade effect. It is thought to be one of the oldest antioxidants in biology, predating its later role as a sleep and circadian signal, and it is generally regarded as safe and non-habit-forming for most adults.

4 outlets

reference shelf; no outlet carries these yet

Hypnotic

Zopiclone

Zopiclone is a nonbenzodiazepine hypnotic of the cyclopyrrolone class, one of the Z-drugs, used for the short-term treatment of insomnia. Marketed under names such as Imovane and Zimovane, it was introduced in the 1980s and helps with both falling asleep and staying asleep. Although chemically unrelated to benzodiazepines, it acts on the same receptor site and carries similar risks of tolerance and dependence.

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Hypnotic

Zaleplon

Zaleplon is a nonbenzodiazepine hypnotic of the pyrazolopyrimidine class, one of the so-called Z-drugs used for the short-term treatment of insomnia. It was approved in the United States in 1999 and is sold under brand names including Sonata. Because it has an unusually short duration of action, it is used mainly to help people fall asleep, including for awakenings in the middle of the night.

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