Homocysteine

Every compound in the sci-wiki that affects homocysteine; the ones you can source are floated to the front, then the reference-only entries. Tap any for the full entry, mechanism, and outlets.

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Supplement

Betaine HCl

Betaine hydrochloride, commonly called betaine HCl, is the hydrochloride salt of betaine (trimethylglycine), a naturally occurring compound first identified in sugar beets. Unlike the parent molecule, the salt releases hydrochloric acid when it dissolves, and it has long been used as a supplemental source of stomach acid for people thought to have low gastric acidity [1][2]. It is sold as an over-the-counter digestive aid, most often in capsule form taken with meals [2]. The underlying betaine molecule separately acts as a methyl donor in the body and is used in medicine to treat the inherited disorder homocystinuria [3][4].

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Nootropic

Methylcobalamin

Methylcobalamin, also called mecobalamin, is a naturally occurring form of vitamin B12 in which the cobalt atom carries a methyl group. It is one of the two coenzyme forms of the vitamin that are active in the human body, serving as an essential cofactor for the enzyme methionine synthase. Methylcobalamin is used as a dietary supplement and, in some countries, as a medicine, and it can prevent or correct vitamin B12 deficiency in the same way as other B12 forms.

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Supplement

Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine)

Vitamin B6 is a water-soluble essential nutrient that exists as several interconvertible forms; pyridoxine is the stable form used in most supplements and food fortification. In the body it is converted to pyridoxal-5-phosphate (PLP), the active coenzyme that drives well over a hundred distinct enzyme reactions, most of them in amino acid metabolism and in the synthesis of neurotransmitters such as serotonin, dopamine, and GABA. Because of that reach it is tied to mood, energy metabolism, and the clearing of homocysteine, and it is a first-line remedy for the nausea of early pregnancy and a popular one for premenstrual symptoms. It is cheap and generally safe, but chronic high doses are the one real catch, since they can cause a slowly reversible sensory nerve injury.

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