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PF-04457845 is an investigational, orally bioavailable fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) inhibitor developed by Pfizer that raises endocannabinoid tone by blocking the enzyme responsible for degrading anandamide. It is a highly potent, exquisitely selective, covalent (irreversible) inhibitor that carbamylates FAAH's catalytic serine, inhibiting the human enzyme with an IC50 of roughly 7.2 nM. Because it amplifies the body's own cannabinoid signaling rather than directly activating CB1 receptors, it elevates anandamide (and related fatty acid amides) without the intoxication, cognitive impairment, or motor side effects associated with direct CB1 agonists such as THC. In clinical testing it achieved greater than 96% FAAH inhibition and a roughly ten-fold rise in circulating anandamide, and it has been studied for osteoarthritis pain, cannabis use disorder, and stress- and fear-related conditions such as post-traumatic stress disorder. It failed to beat placebo in an osteoarthritis knee-pain trial but showed positive signals for cannabis withdrawal and fear extinction, and it remains a widely used pharmacological tool for probing the endocannabinoid system.
- Raises anandamide ~10-fold without the intoxication or motor impairment of THC
- Long-acting: a single dose keeps FAAH >90% inhibited for about 24 hours
- Reduced cannabis withdrawal symptoms and use in a phase 2a trial
- Enhanced recall of fear extinction and blunted stress reactivity (PTSD rationale)
- Neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory in animal models of brain injury and neuropathic pain
- Exquisitely selective for FAAH, sparing other serine hydrolases
Overview
From the notes: PF-04457845 is hands down the cleanest FAAH inhibitor tool out there; it essentially turns up your own anandamide instead of slamming CB1 like THC does, so you get the endocannabinoid tone without the stoned feeling, the munchies, or the memory fog. The selling point is the selectivity; activity-based profiling basically found it hitting FAAH and nothing else, and a single dose keeps the enzyme shut down for about a day.
The human story is genuinely interesting; it flopped in the osteoarthritis knee-pain trial (no better than placebo, which was an honest surprise given how well it worked in rodents), but it later showed real promise cutting cannabis withdrawal symptoms and, in a separate study, boosting fear-extinction recall and blunting stress reactivity; that PTSD angle is pretty much the most exciting direction. Worth being clear-eyed: this is an investigational compound, never approved, and the whole FAAH class carries the shadow of the unrelated BIA 10-2474 tragedy, though PF-04457845 itself has a clean tolerability record across its own trials. It is best regarded as a fascinating research-grade endocannabinoid lever, not a finished product.
Mechanism
PF-04457845 is a time-dependent, covalent (irreversible) inhibitor of fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH), the integral membrane serine hydrolase that degrades the endocannabinoid anandamide (arachidonoylethanolamide) and related fatty acid amides. Its piperidine urea warhead carbamylates FAAH's catalytic serine nucleophile, permanently disabling the enzyme; because inactivation is covalent, the drug's effect outlasts its plasma exposure and recovery requires new enzyme synthesis. It inhibits human FAAH with high potency (IC50 approximately 7.2 nM; second-order rate constant kinact/Ki approximately 40,300 M-1 s-1) and is exceptionally selective across the serine hydrolase family as shown by activity-based protein profiling.
By preventing anandamide breakdown, it elevates anandamide (roughly ten-fold in humans) plus other FAAH substrates such as oleoylethanolamide (OEA) and palmitoylethanolamide (PEA), indirectly and tonically enhancing signaling at cannabinoid CB1 and CB2 receptors (and at PPAR-alpha for OEA/PEA). This substrate-driven, on-demand amplification of endocannabinoid tone is why it produces cannabinoid-linked benefits on pain, mood, stress, and inflammation without the direct receptor over-activation, catalepsy, hypothermia, or hypomotility seen with exogenous CB1 agonists.
receptor fingerprint
Fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH)Inhibits (covalent/irreversible)
Anandamide (AEA)Elevates (substrate accumulation)
CB1 receptorActivates (indirectly via anandamide)
CB2 receptorActivates (indirectly via anandamide)
OEA / PEA (other FAAH substrates)Elevates
Safetyrisks and cautions, not medical advice
PF-04457845 is an investigational compound that has never received regulatory approval. Across its own clinical trials it was well tolerated, with adverse-event rates comparable to placebo and no cannabinoid-type intoxication, even at >96% FAAH inhibition. It was not effective for osteoarthritis knee pain, being no better than placebo. Long-term human safety data are limited to relatively short studies. The broader FAAH-inhibitor drug class is shadowed by the 2016 fatal Rennes trial of the unrelated, less-selective molecule BIA 10-2474; PF-04457845 is a chemically distinct, highly selective compound and was not implicated, but the class history warrants caution. It is a research-grade substance, not a consumer product.
Subjective profileweighing the evidence above
A best-in-class, exquisitely selective FAAH inhibitor that cleanly raises endocannabinoid tone without THC-like intoxication; a top-tier research tool with encouraging signals for cannabis withdrawal and PTSD-related fear extinction, but still investigational, unapproved, and negative for osteoarthritis pain.
Resources
This entry is here for reference.
Research
- 2011first citedMechanistic and pharmacological characterization of PF-04457845: a highly potent and selective…
- 2012controlled trialAn efficient randomised, placebo-controlled clinical trial with the irreversible fatty acid ami…
- 2023most recentTherapeutic effects of combined treatment with the AEA hydrolysis inhibitor PF04457845 and the…
- 1.Mechanistic and pharmacological characterization of PF-04457845: a highly potent and selective fatty acid amide hydrolase inhibitor that reduces inflammatory and noninflammatory pain
- 2.An efficient randomised, placebo-controlled clinical trial with the irreversible fatty acid amide hydrolase-1 inhibitor PF-04457845, which modulates endocannabinoids but fails to induce effective analgesia in patients with pain due to osteoarthritis of the knee.
- 3.Efficacy and safety of a fatty acid amide hydrolase inhibitor (PF-04457845) in the treatment of cannabis withdrawal and dependence in men: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel group, phase 2a single-site randomised controlled trial.
- 4.Elevated anandamide, enhanced recall of fear extinction, and attenuated stress responses following inhibition of fatty acid amide hydrolase: a randomized, controlled experimental medicine trial
- 5.Therapeutic effect of a novel fatty acid amide hydrolase inhibitor PF04457845 in the repetitive closed head injury mouse model
- 6.Therapeutic effects of combined treatment with the AEA hydrolysis inhibitor PF04457845 and the substrate-selective COX-2 inhibitor LM4131 in the mouse model of neuropathic pain
6 listed here; entry last updated August 2026
Reviews
My notesprivate to this device
FAQ
What is PF-04457845 used for?
It is an investigational FAAH inhibitor studied for osteoarthritis pain, cannabis use disorder, and stress- and fear-related conditions such as PTSD. It works by raising the body's own endocannabinoid anandamide rather than acting like THC. It has never been approved for clinical use.
How does PF-04457845 work?
It covalently and irreversibly blocks fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH), the enzyme that breaks down anandamide. With FAAH disabled, anandamide and related fatty acid amides accumulate and enhance signaling at CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors on demand, without directly over-activating them.
Does it get you high like cannabis?
No. By elevating endogenous anandamide instead of flooding CB1 receptors with an external agonist, it avoids the intoxication, cognitive impairment, and motor side effects seen with THC; trials reported no cannabinoid-type adverse events.
Is PF-04457845 well-researched?
It is one of the most-studied FAAH inhibitors and a standard pharmacological tool, with published mechanistic work plus human trials in osteoarthritis, cannabis withdrawal, and fear/stress paradigms. However, it remains investigational, and its osteoarthritis pain trial was negative.
What are the main side effects?
In its own trials it was well tolerated, with adverse-event rates similar to placebo. The bigger caveats are that it is unapproved with limited long-term data, and that the FAAH-inhibitor class as a whole carries reputational caution from the unrelated fatal BIA 10-2474 trial (a different, less selective molecule).
Limitations of the evidence
- Investigational only; never approved for any indication
- Failed to relieve osteoarthritis knee pain versus placebo despite >96% FAAH inhibition
- Long-term human safety data are limited to short trials
Notes and cautions
- Belongs to the FAAH-inhibitor class shadowed by the unrelated fatal BIA 10-2474 trial
- Mild, generally transient adverse events comparable to placebo in its own studies