aging

Every compound in the sci-wiki that affects aging; the ones you can source are floated to the front, then the reference-only entries. Tap any for the full entry, mechanism, and outlets.

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Mitochondrial

Indolepropionamide

Indolepropionamide (IPAM) is a naturally occurring indole compound, chemically related to melatonin, that has been studied as a mitochondrial protectant and antioxidant. In laboratory research it was reported to stabilize energy production in mitochondria, lower the output of reactive oxygen species, and extend lifespan in a simple invertebrate model. It remains an investigational substance with limited study rather than an approved medicine.

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Nootropic

DHEA Sulfate

DHEA sulfate (DHEAS) is the 3-beta sulfate ester of dehydroepiandrosterone and the most abundant circulating steroid in the human body, present in plasma at concentrations roughly a thousandfold higher than unconjugated DHEA. Synthesized principally in the zona reticularis of the adrenal cortex, it functions as a stable, long-lived reservoir that is interconverted with DHEA and supplies a precursor pool for downstream androgens and estrogens. Within the nervous system it is classified as a neurosteroid (a steroid synthesized in or acting directly upon nervous tissue); it acts as an agonist at the sigma-1 receptor (an intracellular chaperone protein), a positive modulator of the NMDA receptor (a glutamate-gated excitatory ion channel), and a negative allosteric modulator of the GABA-A receptor (the brain's principal inhibitory ion channel), giving it a net excitatory, pro-cognitive neuromodulatory profile. Circulating concentrations fall markedly with age, a decline termed adrenopause that has made DHEAS a widely studied biomarker of adrenal function, cognitive aging, and longevity.

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